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Noël chez les chrétiens évangélistes de Kabylie - Algerie360
Nés musulmans, ils se sont convertis au christianisme protestant et assument publiquement leur foi chrétienne. Hommes, femmes, jeunes, vieux, mariés ou célibataires, ils sont des centaines à célébrer ce vendredi 24 décembre 2010 Noël ou la naissance de Jésus Christ. Notre journaliste a vécu cette journée avec la communauté évangéliste de l’église protestante de Tizi Ouzou, en Kabylie. Reportage
« Nukni d arraw n tafat ! » (Nous sommes les enfants de la lumière !) Le slogan s’étale en longueur sur le mur de la bâtisse qui sert de lieu de prière. Vendredi 24 décembre. Nous sommes à l’église protestante de la Nouvelle Ville de Tizi Ouzou et ils sont des centaines de fidèles à célébrer la Noël, à fêter la naissance de Jésus Christ. Cette foule bigarrée de fidèles de tout âge et de toute condition sociale est là pour la gloire du Christ. Ici se côtoient vieilles femmes, retraités, jeunes, hommes, femmes ainsi qu’enfants accompagnés de leurs parents.
« Je suis venue d’un village d’Illoula », affirme, du haut de ses 70 ans, une vieille femme emmitouflée dans sa robe kabyle. Les responsables de l’église sont au four et au moulin. Ils tentent d’accueillir tout un chacun avec un mot tendre, une accolade, une poignée de main tout en préparant l’office.
Nous cotisons pour payer le transport
La cérémonie commence tard dans la matinée, avec des cadeaux remis aux nombreux enfants. A 13 heures, place aux adultes. La salle archicomble a du mal à accueillir tous les fidèles venus des quatre coins des villages de Kabylie. Dans la salle, il règne une ambiance conviviale. Le pasteur intervient devant une assistance attentive qui boit littéralement ses paroles. Les diacres, plus d’une dizaine, veillent sur la bonne organisation de la cérémonie qui commence à prendre des aspects solennels.
Karima est cadre d’entreprise. Elle dit n’avoir jamais raté les cultes du week-end. « Alors là, impossible de rater la cérémonie de Noël ! J’ai pris mes dispositions pour venir à l’église », affirme-t-elle. Sa foi chrétienne, elle la vit le plus naturellement du monde y compris à la maison familiale. Le père de Karima est émigré en France et la mère est famille au foyer.
C’est son jeune frère, appelons le Salim, également converti au christianisme et baptisé il y a un peu plus d’un an, qui l’accompagne. Un peu plus branché que sa grande sœur sur les questions politiques et les problèmes de liberté de culte en Algérie, Salim ne se prive pas de nous livrer le fond de sa pensée. Il tient à dénoncer tout de go la « persécution dont sont victimes es chrétiens ». Pourtant, affirme Salim, « la loi algérienne nous garantit la pratique de la foi ».
Né de parents musulmans, Salim raconte sa conversion au christianisme. « J’habite au village, et je vaque à mes occupations quotidiennes le plus normalement du monde. Mais pour moi le week-end chrétien est sacré. Je prends part aux cultes avec les autres fidèles. » Certains fidèles louent un taxi ou un fourgon pour venir de leurs lointains villages assister aux cultes célébrés à Tizi Ouzou. « Nous cotisons pour payer les transporteurs », précise un fidèle à ce sujet.
Beaucoup de communautés chrétiennes activent sans agrément
Les fêtes de Noël sont célébrées chaque année avec la même ferveur religieuse par les communautés religieuses faisant partie de l’Eglise protestante d’Algérie (EPA), une institution agréée par les autorités algériennes depuis 1976. Si le fonctionnement répond aux normes propres à ce genre de communautés, il reste que les communautés chrétiennes activent sans agrément. Ceci bien que les responsables de ces églises aient déposé des dossiers en bonne et due forme auprès des administrations concernées, en l’occurrence la wilaya et le ministère de l’Intérieur.
« Nous avons déposé le dossier plus de cinq fois », dit un diacre au sein de la communauté de la Nouvelle Ville de Tizi Ouzou. « Ils ne nous ont même pas délivré d’accusé de réception », ajoute-t-il. L’article 13 de la loi 03-06 de février 2006 stipule que l’exercice d’un culte, y compris musulman, est soumis à une autorisation administrative. Autant que pour les Chrétiens cette disposition constituent une entrave à la liberté de culte. « Il faut laisser les gens libres », suggère Slimane un autre diacre de l’église de la Nouvelle ville de Tizou Ouzou. Pour les membres de la communauté chrétienne, les pouvoirs publics doivent les laisser pratiquer leur foi. Ils disent activer sous le couvert de l’EPA qui, elle, est dûment agréée depuis 1974.
Une quarantaine de baptêmes tous les trois mois
Comment fonctionne cette communauté et quelles sont les règles de conduite qui prévalent au sein de l’établissement religieux ? « Nous avons le Conseil des anciens duquel est issu le pasteur qui fait office de premier responsable de l’église, explique un pasteur. Celui-ci est secondé dans son travail par un vice pasteur. Une structure plus élargie appelée Conseil de l’église, où siègent près d’une centaine de fidèles, s’occupe des affaires courantes, notamment la trésorerie.»
Contrairement aux catholiques d’Algérie, le culte protestant est célébré samedi (début de week end ) et mardi. Des séances de louanges et de sainte cène ont lieu en présence des fidèles qui viennent prier pour l’amour de Dieu. Outre ce travail de culte, des séances de baptêmes sont organisées pour accueillir les nouveaux fidèles. « Chaque trois mois, une quarantaine de baptêmes sont organisés au niveau de l’église », affirment les diacres interrogés. En plus des séances de culte, les fidèles organisent des prières appelées réunion d’intersession. De quoi s’agit-il exactement ? « On prie pour le pays, pour la paix et l’amour », explique un jeune diacre. Les prières durent toute la nuit. Par ailleurs, un travail pastoral est également effectué en direction des familles auxquelles on rend visite.
Qui les finance ? Des organismes internationaux ? Des dons anonymes ?
Bien sûr, la question du financement de ces églises protestantes évangélistes revient avec récurrence. Qui les finance ? Des organismes internationaux ? Des dons anonymes ? Des subventions d’évangélistes américains particulièrement offensifs en Afrique, en Asie et en Amérique Latine ?
Les responsables tiennent à lever toute équivoque concernant les fonds qui font fonctionner l’église. « Nous n’avons aucune subvention ni d’ici ni d’ailleurs. Les fidèles versent 10% de leurs revenus sans contrainte aucune », révèle un pasteur. Faute d’agrément, certaines églises dans la région de Tizi Ouzou sont tolérées par les autorités. Depuis sa promulgation, la loi 03/06 est appliquée scrupuleusement. C’est ainsi que plusieurs chrétiens ont été présentés devant le juge pour pratique sans autorisation d’un culte autre que musulman. Le dernier en date concerne quatre chrétiens du village Aït Atelli dans la commune de Larbaâ Nath Irathen qui ont été condamnés, après plusieurs reports, à la prison avec sursis. Un large mouvement de solidarité s’était constitué pour demander le respect de la liberté de conscience pourtant garantie par la Constitution algérienne. D’autres procès ont eu lieu, notamment à Tiaret.
Contacté, Mustapha Krim, président de l’EPA, présent à Bejaïa en pleine cérémonie de célébration, estime que cette année la fête de Noël s’est déroulée dans une ambiance bon enfant et dans la ferveur religieuse.